If you or your child has just heard the word “braces,” you probably have a lot of questions. How do braces work? Do they hurt? How long will treatment last? This guide explains the basics in plain language, so you can walk into your first visit at Southwest Smiles feeling informed. Every mouth is different, and results vary. Your doctor will evaluate your case and explain what applies to you.
What are braces made of?
Traditional braces have a few main parts that work as a team:
- Brackets: small attachments bonded to the front of each tooth. They act like handles that hold the wire.
- Archwire: a thin metal wire that runs through the brackets. Its shape guides where the teeth should go.
- Ligatures or elastic ties: tiny bands or clips that hold the wire in each bracket. Many kids and teens like to pick fun colors.
- Elastics (rubber bands), when needed: they connect the upper and lower teeth to help correct how the bite fits together.
At Southwest Smiles we offer low-profile metal braces and ceramic (tooth-colored) braces. Your doctor will explain which option fits your treatment.
How do braces actually move teeth?
Teeth are not fixed in solid bone the way a post is set in concrete. Each tooth sits in a socket and is held by a ligament, the periodontal ligament. When braces apply light, steady pressure in one direction, the bone around the tooth slowly remodels. It breaks down on the side being pushed and builds up on the other side. Over time, this lets the tooth move into a new position.
That’s why orthodontic treatment is gradual. Gentle, controlled forces are what your body responds to best. Your doctor plans the direction and amount of force and adjusts the wires at follow-up visits as the teeth respond.
What happens at the first visit?
At Southwest Smiles, the first step is always a full consultation. During that visit, your doctor examines the teeth, the bite and the jaw, and talks with you about your goals. Depending on your case, your doctor may recommend X-rays or photos to plan your treatment. After the consultation, you receive a treatment plan that explains the recommended option. That may be braces, clear aligners or another approach.
Orthodontic care at our practice is provided by Dr. Maria Valentina Martinez Morales, a general dentist with a DMD from Boston University and postgraduate training in orthodontics (Universidad de Carabobo, Venezuela). You can meet her and Dr. Juliana Garcia de Paiva Araujo on our Meet Our Doctors page.
Do braces hurt?
Getting braces placed is usually not painful. It mostly feels like pressure and keeping your mouth open for a while. Many people feel some soreness or tenderness for a few days after the braces go on and after adjustments. Soft foods help. After your first appointment, your doctor may suggest acetaminophen (Tylenol); follow the label and ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have health conditions or take other medicines. If the braces rub certain areas, use orthodontic relief wax; we include it in the starter kit we give you.
If a wire or bracket pokes, cover it with orthodontic wax and call us. If you have severe pain, swelling, or an injury to the mouth, call us right away or seek urgent care.
How long do braces take?
There’s no single answer. Treatment time depends on how much the teeth need to move, the bite, age, and how well the patient follows instructions, such as wearing elastics and keeping appointments. Your doctor will give you an estimate after evaluating your case. That estimate is not a guarantee, because every patient responds differently.
What age is right for braces?
Braces aren’t only for teens. Southwest Smiles treats children, teens and adults. The American Association of Orthodontists recommends that children have their first orthodontic check-up no later than age 7. A check-up doesn’t always mean treatment; many children only need to be monitored as they grow. Many adults choose orthodontics too, and the consultation is the best place to find out the right timing.
What happens after braces come off?
Teeth tend to shift after treatment, so retainers are part of every orthodontic plan. Retainers are worn practically for life: after an initial period, most people wear them at night, as your doctor indicates. Learn more on our Retainers page.
Paying for braces
We offer in-house financing for orthodontic treatment, and we accept most insurance plans, including Medicaid. Coverage for braces depends on your plan. For example, New Mexico Medicaid covers braces only for patients under 21 when the treatment is approved in advance as medically necessary; adults usually aren’t covered for braces. Bring your insurance information and our team will help you review your options.
Frequently asked questions
How do braces work, in one sentence?
Braces apply light, constant pressure through brackets and a wire, and that pressure lets the bone around each tooth remodel so the tooth moves gradually into a better position.
Do braces hurt?
Placement usually feels like pressure, not pain. Mild soreness for a few days after placement or adjustments is common.
How long will I need braces?
It depends on your case. Your doctor will give you an estimated timeline after your consultation. Results and timing vary.
Do you accept insurance for braces?
We accept most insurance plans, including Medicaid, and offer in-house financing for orthodontic treatment. Coverage for braces depends on your plan; New Mexico Medicaid covers them only for patients under 21 when approved in advance as medically necessary.
What if a bracket comes loose or breaks?
Call (575) 546-1400 to schedule a visit. Don’t cut or pull wires yourself; if a piece pokes, cover it with orthodontic wax.
Ready to find out if braces are right for you?
See how treatment works on our Braces page, then book online or call (575) 546-1400 or send us an SMS.
This article is general information, not medical advice. Results vary; your doctor will evaluate your case.
Ready to talk with our team?
Book a full consultation in Las Cruces or Deming, or call (575) 546-1400 or send us an SMS.